Whatis thyroid eye disease? Why is it considered an aut...

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Whatis thyroid eye disease? Why is it considered an autoimmune disease? 

· science

Thyroid eye disease is an autoimmune disorderclosely related to Graves' disease. It causes inflammation and swelling of the tissues behind the eyeball, leading to eye problems such as bulging eyes and limited eye muscle movement. Let's learn more about thyroid eye disease.

 What is thyroid eye disease?

1.    Thebody's "little immune guards" are acting up, mistaking the thyroid gland and the "little fleshy tissue" behind the eyeballs for enemies and launching a fierce attack.

2.    The"little fleshy part" behind the eyeball was beaten until it was red and swollen. Slowly pushing the eyeball forward, the eye turned into a round "protruding eye" shape.

3.    Theswollen tissue can also entangle the "little motor" (eye muscles) that control eye movement, making the eyes move slowly and inflexibly.

4.    Ifyour eyes can't close properly, tears will leak out, making them dry and gritty. In severe cases, it can even compress the "window to vision" (optic nerve).

Thyroid eye disease is an autoimmune disorder closely related to Graves' disease. It causes inflammation and swelling of the tissues behind the eyeball, leading to eye problems such as bulging eyes and limited eye muscle movement. Let's learn more about thyroid eye disease. Question 1 : What is thyroid eye disease? 1. The body's "little immune guards" are acting up, mistaking the thyroid gland and the "little fleshy tissue" behind the eyeballs for enemies and launching a fierce attack. 2. The "little fleshy part" behind the eyeball was beaten until it was red and swollen. Slowly pushing the eyeball forward, the eye turned into a round "protruding eye" shape. 3. The swollen tissue can also entangle the "little motor" (eye muscles) that control eye movement, making the eyes move slowly and inflexibly. 4. If your eyes can't close properly, tears will leak out, making them dry and gritty. In severe cases, it can even compress the "window to vision" (optic nerve).

So what is the "little fleshy thing"behind the thyroid gland and eyeball mentioned above? Its real name is thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH receptor). You can think of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH receptor) as a special "little lock" on the surface of thyroid cells.

1. The location of the "lock" andits unique "key"

This tiny lock is firmly attached to the cellmembrane of thyroid follicular cells, and its only "key" is thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by our body's pituitary gland. Only TSH can precisely insert into this lock and open it; no other hormone can do so.

2. What happens after the lock is"unlocked"?

Once the TSH key and TSH receptor locksuccessfully pair, a series of "working instructions" are triggered in the thyroid cells:

•     Thisallows the thyroid gland to synthesize and secrete more thyroid hormones (T3, T4), which are the "master switch" regulating the body's metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate.

•   stimulatesthe growth and proliferation of thyroid cells themselves.

So what is the "little fleshy thing" behind the thyroid gland and eyeball mentioned above? Its real name is thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH receptor). You can think of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH receptor) as a special "little lock" on the surface of thyroid cells. 1. The location of the "lock" and its unique "key" This tiny lock is firmly attached to the cell membrane of thyroid follicular cells, and its only "key" is thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by our body's pituitary gland. Only TSH can precisely insert into this lock and open it; no other hormone can do so. 2. What happens after the lock is "unlocked"? Once the TSH key and TSH receptor lock successfully pair, a series of "working instructions" are triggered in the thyroid cells: • This allows the thyroid gland to synthesize and secrete more thyroid hormones (T3, T4), which are the "master switch" regulating the body's metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. also stimulates the growth and proliferation of thyroid cells themselves.

3. Relationship with diseases (e.g., Graves'disease)

In Graves' disease, an autoimmune disease, thebody's immune system misbehaves and produces a **false key**—thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb). This false keycan also be inserted into the TSH receptor lock, and unlike a real key that "opens the lock and leaves," it remains inserted, continuously stimulating the thyroid gland to produce hormones excessively and causing
thyroid tissue to proliferate and enlarge, leading to hyperthyroidism and goiter. If this false key gets into the muscles and adipose tissue of the eye (where there are also a small number of TSH receptors), it can cause thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

3. Relationship with diseases (e.g., Graves' disease) In Graves' disease, an autoimmune disease, the body's immune system misbehaves and produces a **false key**—thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb). This false key can also be inserted into the TSH receptor lock, and unlike a real key that "opens the lock and leaves," it remains inserted, continuously stimulating the thyroid gland to produce hormones excessively and causing thyroid tissue to proliferate and enlarge, leading to hyperthyroidism and goiter. If this false key gets into the muscles and adipose tissue of the eye (where there are also a small number of TSH receptors), it can cause thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. The red serrated fake key (TRAb) forcibly pushed open the yellow key and inserted it into the lock. The lock cylinder was stuck and continued to glow, and excessive "T3/T4" bubbles overflowed around the cells.

The red serrated fake key (TRAb) forciblypushed open the yellow key and inserted it into the lock. The lock cylinder was stuck and continued to glow, and excessive "T3/T4" bubbles overflowed around the cells.